Given the increasing water shortage in Cape Town and adjacent areas, the almost depleted surface water resources, climate change, population growth, and the environmental & social impacts of sourcing from alternative resources (groundwater, desalinaton, etc.), all possible options should be evaluated in order to provide a long term and sustainable solution, or combination of solutions. With the exception of desalination, all the currently considered solutions are stll reliant on rain within the Western Cape, so they remain risky options for sustainable future supply. For instance, should there be prolonged drought, groundwater would also run out and there would not be enough water to reuse from wastewater or storm water.